Air pollution remains a critical environmental issue in Delhi, with rising levels of particulate matter, especially PM2.5, significantly degrading air quality. The increasing pollution has led to a surge in respiratory illnesses and elevated risks of heart attacks, posing a serious threat to public health.

A comprehensive seven-year study (2017–2023) conducted by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, published in October, identifies October to January as the peak months for PM2.5 pollution. Pollution levels are highest between week 3 of October and week 3 of November, followed by a gradual decline from week 2 of December to week 1 of January. The study also notes that 10 PM to 11 AM is the most polluted time due to atmospheric conditions, with potential severe AQI episodes likely in early January.

To address these findings, researchers have issued a public advisory to mitigate health risks and reduce the strain on public infrastructure during the smog season. Key recommendations include:

• Outdoor activity timing: Limit outdoor exposure for children and the elderly to afternoons (1 PM to 6 PM).
• Protective measures: Wear N95 masks during outings.
• Indoor activities: Shift physical exercises indoors instead of avoiding them altogether.
• Ventilation adjustments: Keep windows closed at night and open only in the afternoon to minimize indoor pollution.
• Travel planning: Families are encouraged to plan vacations or trips outside Delhi in early November.
• Construction delays: Communities should postpone non-essential construction projects until after February.
• Air purifiers: Use air purifiers at home, especially at night while sleeping.
• Sustainable transport: Opt for electric vehicles and public transportation.
• Remote work: Work from home and conduct virtual meetings where possible.
• Avoid congestion: Steer clear of congested areas for shopping or leisure and walk on downward gradients to reduce exposure to vehicle emissions.

This advisory aims to empower residents with actionable steps to reduce exposure to harmful pollutants and safeguard public health during the peak pollution months.